1 Executive Summary
In November 2020, we conducted a security assessment of Paxos’s multisig wallet contract. This wallet is based on Christian Lundkvist’s SimpleMultiSig
contract, which we previously reviewed.
Paxos’s modification allows the set of owners to be changed after the wallet is deployed. This report focuses on the impact of those changes.
We performed this assessment between November 7th and November 10th, 2020. The engagement was primarily conducted by Steve Marx. The total effort expended was 8 person-hours.
1.1 Scope
File Name | SHA-1 Hash |
---|---|
SimpleMultiSig.sol | 80d54d79fa1ec6268ad42d01f393417edb47bdc5 |
2 Recommendations
2.1 Update to a more recent version of the Solidity compiler ✓ Fixed
Resolution
2.2 Convert DOMAIN_SEPARATOR
to be immutable
✓ Fixed
Resolution
Starting with version 0.6.5 of the Solidity compiler, state variables can be marked as immutable
. Such state variables must be initialized in the contract’s constructor. Otherwise they function much like constants. This is a good fit for the DOMAIN_SEPARATOR
, which is computed at runtime to include the contract’s address but otherwise acts as a constant.
code/contracts/SimpleMultiSig.sol:L25
bytes32 DOMAIN_SEPARATOR; // hash for EIP712, computed from contract address
2.3 Convert the assembly call
to Solidity ✓ Fixed
Resolution
Starting with version 0.5.0, the Solidity address.call()
function no longer has the padding bug described in https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2884. This means it’s possible to get rid of the assembly block in execute()
and instead use Solidity. This is a small win for readability.
code/contracts/SimpleMultiSig.sol:L79-L84
// If we make it here all signatures are accounted for.
// The address.call() syntax is no longer recommended, see:
// https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2884
nonce = nonce + 1;
bool success = false;
assembly { success := call(gasLimit, destination, value, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0) }
2.4 Update comments about state mutability ✓ Fixed
Resolution
3824608
.
Comments accompanying the isOwner
and ownersArr
state variables indicate that they’re immutable, but in the modified version of the contract, both can be changed after deployment.
code/contracts/SimpleMultiSig.sol:L22-L23
mapping (address => bool) isOwner; // immutable state
address[] public ownersArr; // immutable state
3 Findings
Each issue has an assigned severity:
- Minor issues are subjective in nature. They are typically suggestions around best practices or readability. Code maintainers should use their own judgment as to whether to address such issues.
- Medium issues are objective in nature but are not security vulnerabilities. These should be addressed unless there is a clear reason not to.
- Major issues are security vulnerabilities that may not be directly exploitable or may require certain conditions in order to be exploited. All major issues should be addressed.
- Critical issues are directly exploitable security vulnerabilities that need to be fixed.
3.1 Owners can never be removed Critical ✓ Fixed
Resolution
Description
The intention of setOwners()
is to replace the current set of owners with a new set of owners. However, the isOwner
mapping is never updated, which means any address that was ever considered an owner is permanently considered an owner for purposes of signing transactions.
Recommendation
In setOwners_()
, before adding new owners, loop through the current set of owners and clear their isOwner
booleans, as in the following code:
for (uint256 i = 0; i < ownersArr.length; i++) {
isOwner[ownersArr[i]] = false;
}
Appendix 1 - Disclosure
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