PoolTogether

1 Executive Summary

This report presents the results of our engagement with Pool Together to review POOL governance token, A fork of the Uniswap merkle distributor, and Pool liquidity mining program.

The review was conducted over 5 days, from February 1, 2021 to February 5,2021 by Shayan Eskandari and Sergii Kravchenko. A total of 10 person-days were spent.

2 Scope

This is a best-effort review on the following repositories (in order of priority):

• Liquidity Mining Contract - TokenFaucet.sol - Commit hash 956b9e9dfd41dacd4040c08b5061354cc11897fc.

• Pool Together Governance Contracts which is a fork of Uniswap’s governance contracts “with a few changes” - Commit hash 6750ca9974740e4123189ab6df10b2e8ff422c46 . To review the changes and deployment approach

• Merkle Distributor which is an unmodified fork of Uniswap Merkle Distributor - Commit hash ec5ab6fb55791fdab0a1f20fdf1201c72b902965.

• Employee Vesting Contracts, which is an unmodified fork of Uniswap Employee Vesting Contracts.

3 System Overview

3.1 Liquidity Mining Contract

• TokenFaucet.sol Disburses a token at a fixed rate per second to holders of another token. This contract allows users to receive token based on their proportion of measure tokens balance in the faucet (e.g. Drip governance token to Liquidity Providers). The main focus on this review has been on this contract. For more details review Findings section.

3.2 Pool Together Governance Contracts

A fork of the Uniswap governance contracts to which ownership of the prize pools will be transferred.

Changes from Uniswap fork

• GovernorAlpha

  • Require 1% of POOL Token votes in support of a proposal in order for a quorum to be reached and for a vote to succeed (Uniswap is 4%)
  • Require 0.1% of POOL token votes in order for a voter to become a proposer (Uniswap is 1%)
  • Changes to the constructor and the TimeLock contract initial setup

• Token (POOL)

  • totalSupply is 10 million POOL (Uniswap is 1 billon UNI)
  • Replace Uni with Pool on all error messages and variable names

• Minor changes to Timelock contract, mainly name changes and constant implementation nuances.

• Only naming changes to TreasuryVester contract (Uni –> Pool).

• Note that the fee structure that are present in Uniswap version, are removed from PoolTogether fork.

3.3 Deployment Process

As requested, we reviewed the deployment script in deploy/deploy.js, which uses hardhat as the main framework for deployment. Here’s the process of how it deploys currently:

• Prior to the execution of the deploy script, the following (contract) addresses need to be known:

  • MultiSig wallet address. This address will initially hold all Pool tokens
  • All vested employee addresses (and the number of their vested shares)

• Deployer will be the main address of the HDWallet. Deployer has these roles:

  • Temporary minter of Pool token contract, and can change the minter to any desired address
  • hermes temporary admin of the governance contract

1. The script uses environment variables for storing private key and the required API keys:

   • HDWALLET_MNEMONIC for the deployer address
   • Connecting to the Ethereum network is done via Infura INFURA_API_KEY

2. Deployment of governance contract GovernorAlpha (GovernorZero) with deployer as hermes

3. Deployment of timelock contract Timelock with 2 days delay, and the governance contract address as admin. The admin can add other admins and change the timelock delay.

4. Using the address of timelock contract, deployer calls the governance contract to set the TimeLock address and nullify hermes

5. The minter of Pool token is changed from deployer to timelock contract

   • Note that if this transaction fails to execute successfully, the deployer will keep the minter role on the Pool contract. An addition check to verify the minter address is suggested.

6. Deployment of the vesting contracts TreasuryVester with two years vesting period:

   1. Deploying the treasury vesting contracts with timelock contract address as the Treasury address
   2. Deploying the employees vesting contracts with their hardcoded token numbers and addresses
      • Due to the way the script is written, the employees might have slightly different vesting periods (recentBlock.timestamp + 600 as recentBlock is queried every time and might differ from the previous ones)

A few notes on the deployment script:

• Move all constants to top of the script code, to make it clear when reading the script (e.g. twoYearsInSeconds instead of 172800 in the code)
• The employee names for vesting are clear when explained, it might make sense to include these numbers in the token distribution documentation.
• A check after each step to verify the set values is suggested.
• Suggesting to use a unified vestingCliff for all employees to prevent any timing issues in the future.

3.4 Merkle Distributor

The main solidity contract MerkleDistributor.sol is an unmodified copy of Uniswap Merkle Distributor. This contract will allow users to claim governance tokens allocated to them retroactively.

4 Security Specification

This section describes, from a security perspective, the expected behavior of the system under audit. It is not a substitute for documentation. The purpose of this section is to identify specific security properties that were reviewed by the audit team.

• Anyone can create a new TokenFaucet using the Factory contract. However the tokens used could be malicious or using a totalSupply (Uint256 as in default ERC20 standard) might overflow in some functions (Uint112), which could cause issues. This should be explicitly mentioned in the documentation and warn users when using any UI component for the factory. This is mainly important if a new Prize Pool is introduced to the system in which behaves differently from the tested tokens.

5 Findings

Each issue has an assigned severity:

• Minor issues are subjective in nature. They are typically suggestions around best practices or readability. Code maintainers should use their own judgment as to whether to address such issues.
• Medium issues are objective in nature but are not security vulnerabilities. These should be addressed unless there is a clear reason not to.
• Major issues are security vulnerabilities that may not be directly exploitable or may require certain conditions in order to be exploited. All major issues should be addressed.
• Critical issues are directly exploitable security vulnerabilities that need to be fixed.

uint256 assetTotalSupply = asset.balanceOf(address(this));
uint256 availableTotalSupply = assetTotalSupply.sub(totalUnclaimed);
uint256 newSeconds = currentTimestamp.sub(lastDripTimestamp);
uint256 nextExchangeRateMantissa = exchangeRateMantissa;
uint256 newTokens;
uint256 measureTotalSupply = measure.totalSupply();

if (measureTotalSupply > 0 && availableTotalSupply > 0 && newSeconds > 0) {
  newTokens = newSeconds.mul(dripRatePerSecond);
  if (newTokens > availableTotalSupply) {
    newTokens = availableTotalSupply;
  }
  uint256 indexDeltaMantissa = measureTotalSupply > 0 ? FixedPoint.calculateMantissa(newTokens, measureTotalSupply) : 0;
  nextExchangeRateMantissa = nextExchangeRateMantissa.add(indexDeltaMantissa);

  emit Dripped(
    newTokens
  );
}

 uint256 deltaExchangeRateMantissa = uint256(exchangeRateMantissa).sub(userState.lastExchangeRateMantissa);
    uint128 newTokens = FixedPoint.multiplyUintByMantissa(userMeasureBalance, deltaExchangeRateMantissa).toUint128();
    userStates[user] = UserState({
      lastExchangeRateMantissa: exchangeRateMantissa,
      balance: uint256(userState.balance).add(newTokens).toUint128()
    });

...
 if (token == address(measure) && from != address(0)) {  //add && from != to
      drip();
...

    require(_dripRatePerSecond > 0, "TokenFaucet/dripRate-gt-zero");
    asset = _asset;
    measure = _measure;
    setDripRatePerSecond(_dripRatePerSecond);

  function setDripRatePerSecond(uint256 _dripRatePerSecond) public onlyOwner {
    require(_dripRatePerSecond > 0, "TokenFaucet/dripRate-gt-zero");

  function drip() public returns (uint256) {
    uint256 currentTimestamp = _currentTime();

    // this should only run once per block.
    if (lastDripTimestamp == uint32(currentTimestamp)) {
      return 0;
    }
...
    uint256 newSeconds = currentTimestamp.sub(lastDripTimestamp);
...
    if (measureTotalSupply > 0 && availableTotalSupply > 0 && newSeconds > 0) {
...
        uint256 indexDeltaMantissa = measureTotalSupply > 0 ? FixedPoint.calculateMantissa(newTokens, measureTotalSupply) : 0; 

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